Történelem

This guidebook introduces the reader to the visible memorabilia of science and scientists in Budapest - statues, busts, plaques, buildings, and other artefacts. According to the Hungarian-American Nobel laureate Albert Szent-Györgyi, this metropolis atthe crossroads of Europe has a special atmosphere of respect for science. It has been the venue of numerous scientific achievements and the cradle, literally, of many individuals who in Hungary, and even more beyond its borders, became world-renownedcontributors to science and culture.Six of the eight chapters of the book cover the Hungarian Nobel laureates, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the university, the medical school, agricultural sciences, and technology and engineering. One chapter is about selected secondary schools fromwhich seven Nobel laureates (Szent-Györgyi, de Hevesy, Wigner, Gabor, Harsanyi, Olah, and Kertész) and the five Martians of Science (von Kármán, Szilard, Wigner, von Neumann, and Teller) had graduated. The concluding chapter is devoted to scientistmartyrs of the Holocaust.

The Nobel Prizes enjoy enormous prestige throughout the world. Every year, science is propelled into the limelight, and in October, when the prizes are announced, and December, when they are awarded at a ceremony in Stockholm, a chosen few scientistsacquire celebrity status and their science receives wide coverage in the news media. First awarded in 1901, the Nobel Prize remains the only science prize widely recognized by the general public. What sort of scientists become Nobel laureates? How arethey chosen? Are there features common to them, and to their prize-winning research? These sorts of questions have long intrigued Istvan Hargittai and seeking answers, he began interviewing Nobel prize-winning scientists about their careers. Some 70laureates, and a similar number of other distinguished scientists, have been interviewed, most of them during the late 1990s, and the result is this remarkable book. Written for a general readership, The Road to Stockholm illuminates the nature ofscientific discovery, the Nobel Prize selection process, the factors common to award-winning research, and the effects of the Nobel Prize on science itself. Here are stories of scientists who overcame adversity, eventually to win the Prize

Americans have come from every corner of the globe, and they have been brought together by a variety of historical processes-conquest, colonialism, the slave trade, territorial acquisition, and voluntary immigration. A thoughtful look at immigration,anti-immigration sentiments, and the motivations and experiences of the migrants themselves, this book offers a compact but wide-ranging look at one of America's hottest issues.Historian David Gerber begins by examining the many legal efforts to curb immigration and to define who is and is not an American, ranging from the Naturalization Law of 1795 (which applied only to free-born white persons) to the Chinese Exclusion Actof 1882, the Emergency Quota Act of 1921, and the reform-minded Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, which opened the door to millions of newcomers, the vast majority from Asia and Latin America. The book also looks at immigration from theperspective of the migrant-farmers and industrial workers, mechanics and domestics, highly trained professionals and small-business owners-who willingly pulled up stakes for the promise of a better life. Throughout, the book sheds light on therelationships between race and ethnicity in the life of these groups and in the formation of American society, and it stresses the marked continuities across waves of immigration and across different racial and ethnic groups.

This Very Short Introduction looks at Africa's past and reflects on the changing ways it has been imagined and represented, both in Africa and beyond. The author illustrates important aspects of Africa's history with a range of fascinating historicalexamples, drawn from over 5 millennia across this vast continent. The multitude of topics that the reader will learn about in this succinct work include the unity and diversity of African cultures, slavery, religion, colonial conquest, the diaspora, andthe importance of history in understanding contemporary Africa. The book examines questions such as: Who invented the idea of Africa? How is African history pieced together, given such a lack of documentary evidence? How did Africa interact with theworld 1,000 years ago?Africa has been known as 'the cradle of mankind', and its recoverable history stretches back to the Pharaohs. But the idea of studying African history is itself new, and the authors show why it is still contested and controversial. This VSI, the firstconcise work of its kind, will prove essential reading for anyone interested in the African continent and the diversity of human history.

In A Cultural History of India, first published in 1975, A.L. Basham brought together scholars from across the globe to provide international viewpoints on the rich cultural heritage of India. With contributors from across the world covering a wide arrayof topics including religion, philosophy, social organization, literature, art, architecture, music, and science, the book presented a comprehensive survey of India's rich cultural heritage. Over the years the book became a classic in its own right.

First published as part of the best-selling The Oxford Illustrated History of Britain, John Blair's Very Short Introduction to the Anglo-Saxon Age covers the emergence of the earliest English settlements to the Norman victory in 1066. This book is abrief introduction to the political, social, religious, and cultural history of Anglo-Saxon England.

Edited by William Beezley and Michael Meyer Thoroughly updated 10th anniversary edition Newly released to commemorate the bicentennial of the Mexican War of Independence and the centennial of the Mexican Revolution A new preface discusses the past 10 years in Mexican history, covering such major issues as immigration and democratization Written by the most renowned Mexico scholars working today Attractive, portable book offers quick access to a wealth of scholarship Bold new text design

Britain possesses a literary heritage which is almost unrivalled in the Western world. In this lavishly illustrated volume, the richness, diversity, and continuity of that tradition are explored by a group of Britain's foremost literary scholars. Chapterby chapter the authors trace the

The Second World WarA Short HistoryR. A. C. ParkerA Oxford Paperbacks Publication Covers both the European and Far East wars A balanced view of the causes and courses of the Second World War. A manageable, authoritative treatment of military, diplomatic, and economic aspects of World War II. A modest-sized yet absorbing history of the years between 1939 and 1945

For centuries much of Europe and the Holy Roman Empire was in the royal hands of the very peculiar Habsburg family. An unstable mixture of wizards, obsessives, melancholics, bores, musicians and warriors, they saw off?through luck, guile and sheermulishness?any number of rivals, until finally packing up in 1918. From their principal lairs along the Danube they ruled most of Central Europe and Germany and interfered everywhere?indeed the history of Europe hardly makes sense without the House ofHapsburg.Danubia, Simon Winder's hilarious new book, plunges the reader into a maelstrom of alchemy, royalty, skeletons, jewels, bear-moats, unfortunate marriages and a guinea-pig village. Full of music, piracy, religion and fighting, it is the history of astrange dynasty, and the people they ruled, who spoke many different languages, lived in a vast range of landscapes, believed in rival gods and often showed a marked ingratitude towards their oddball ruler in Vienna. Readers who discovered Simon Winder'sstorytelling genius and infectious curiosity in Germania will be delighted by the eccentric and fascinating tale of the Habsburgs and their world.

The biography of Franz Stangl, commandant of the Treblinka extermination camp - a classic and utterly compelling study of evilOnly four men commanded Nazi extermination (as opposed to concentration) camps. Franz Stangl was one of the. Gitta Sereny's investigation of this man's mind, and of the influences which shaped him, has become a classic. Stangl commanded Treblinka and wasfound guilty of co-responsibility for the slaughter there of at least 900, 000 people. Sereny, after weeks of talk with him and months of further research, shows us this man as he saw himself, and 'as he was seen by many others, including his wife.To horrify is not Sereny's aim, though horror is inevitable. She is seeking an answer to the question which beggars reason: How were human beings turned into instruments of such overwhelming evil?Gitta Sereny is of Hungarian-Austrian extraction and is trilingual in English, French and German. During the Second World War she became a social worker, caring for war-damaged children in France. She gave hundreds of lectures in schools and colleges inAmerica and, when the war ended, she worked as a Child Welfare Officer in UNRRA displaced persons' camps in Germany. In 1949 she married the American Vogue photographer Don Honeyman and settled in London, where they brought up a son and a daughter andwhere she began her career as a journalist.Her journalistic work was of great variety but focussed particularly on the Third Reich and troubled children. She wrote mainly for the Daily Telegraph Magazine, the Sunday Times, The Times, the Independent and the Independent on Sunday Review. She alsocontributed to numerous newspapers and magazines around the world.Her books include: The Medallion, a novel

The prehistory of the Hungarians, or Magyars, like the early history of most peoples, is obscured by the mists of time. What is known for certain is that the Hungarian language belongs to the and Finno-Ugrian language family that evolved from the Uralicprotolanguage. The languages most closely related to it are Mansi (Vogul) and life Khanty (Ostyak), which form the Ob-Ugrian branch of Finno-Ugric. For centuries the Mansi and the Khanty have inhabited a vast area of Western Siberia between the middleand lower reaches of the Ob and the Yenisei Rivers. The linguistic kinship, along with the archeological and ethnographic research of the past decades allow us to assume that millennia ago the Hungarians' ancestors also fished, hunted and gatheredtogether with the Finno-Ugric tribes along the central and northern foothills of the Ural Mountains. Around 3000 BCE the Finnic branch of the Finno-Ugrian language community moved towards the Baltic Sea, while the Ugric branch headed south.Romsics Ignác (Homokmégy, 1951. március 30. -) Széchenyi-díjas magyar történész, egyetemi tanár, a Magyar Tudományos Akadémia (MTA) rendes tagja. A 20. századi magyar történelem neves kutatója.

They Were Found Wanting takes up the tale of the two Transylvanian cousins, their loves and very different fortunes, a year after They Were Counted ends.Balint Abady is forced to part from the beautiful and unhappily married Adrienne Uzdy. László Gyeroffy is rapidly heading for

The victors of the First World War created Hungary from the ruins of the Austro-Hungarian empire, but, in the centuries before, many called for its creation. Norman Stone traces the country's roots from the traditional representative councils ofland-owning nobles to the Magyar nationalists of the nineteenth century and the first wars of independence.Hungary's history since 1918 has not been a happy one. Economic collapse and hyperinflation in the post-war years led to fascist dictatorships and then Nazi occupation. Optimism at the end of the Second World War ended when the Iron Curtain descended,and Soviet tanks crushed the last hopes for independence in 1956 along with the peaceful protests in Budapest. Even after the fall of the Berlin Wall, consistent economic growth has remained elusive.This is an extraordinary history - unique yet also representative of both the post-Soviet bloc and of nations forged from the fall of empires.

HarperCollins is proud to present its incredible range of best-loved, essential classics.'This was the slaying of the Minotaur, which put an end forever to the shameful tribute of seven youths and seven maidens which was exacted from the Athenians every nine years.'The gods, heroes and legends of Greek mythology and their Roman interpretations are as fascinating as they are instructive. They include the almighty Zeus and his many wives

In the late 1930s, as it became increasingly clear that Europe was about to be plunged into war again for the second time in the space of only a few decades, Hungary, nestled among the states of Central Europe, found itself at the collision of the twomost destructive ideologies of the past century. While the names of the willing collaborators of either Nazi Germany or Stalin and his henchmen have been rightfully recorded in the history books, the names of those who took a stand against injustice andinhumanity under any flag have perhaps at times been too hastily overlooked. Often far from the hallowed halls where statesmen made the momentous decisions which shaped the course of history, ordinary people put their own lives at grave risk by daring todefy the totalitarian regimes. These were people from almost all walks of life, including church figures, scientists, mechanics, teachers, students, and some of them defied both those politicians who insisted on fighting on Nazi-Germany's side during theSecond World War and the communist forces which seized control of the country in its wake. Their lives and their sacrifices offer eloquent testimony to the power of the individual to take a stand against totalitarianism.This book, which includes a rich array of photographs from the time, is intended as a tribute to these heroes, their courage and defiance in the face of tyranny. Let it remind us that, while many of these brave souls paid the ultimate price for theirshows of fortitude, the regimes against which they fought have since fallen, and these everyday heroes have emerged as the victors.

Understand the Hungarian Mentality through 33 Captivating Stories of Inherently Magyar PersonalitiesWhether you're in search of your Hungarian roots, are living in or travelling to Hungary or you're just curious about the history of this tiny but ever-proud nation - this book is for you.You don't have to pick your way through long and boring history books. Each of these stories is packed with interesting facts you probably didn't know before, peculiarities that'll make you chuckle and an irresistible sense of humour that'll stick withyou long after you've read the last page.Are Hungarians really descendants of Attila and the Huns after all?Who was Vörösmarty, who received an entire square with an oversized statue on top in the very centre of the city?Why is Ferenc Puskás still loved as everybody's little brother todayWho was the architect of Trianon, the national trauma that lasts until today?How exactly was this tiny nation involved in the discovery of something as vital as Vitamin C, as ubiquitous as the biro and something so horrendously destructive as the atomic bomb?What makes the Hungarian people tick? Where is their strong pride rooted? How can this pride go hand in hand with a deep sense of loneliness, isolation and inferiority?This book has the answers to all of these questions (any many more). It spans across centuries of Hungarian history from the dark Medieval Ages to the Atomic Era. And it provides invaluable and highly entertaining insights into the complexes, virtues andflaws of the modern Magyar existence.This book is for everyone who is interested in Hungarian History and wants to understand the Hungarian mentality and identity - with all its flaws and virtues.WHOSE STORIES ARE TOLDIn Search of RootsAttila the Hun, Our HunChief Árpád, The Founding FatherSándor Kőrösi-Csoma, Seeking Hungarian roots, founding TibetologyÁrmin Vámbéry, The Dervish in DisguiseNation BuildersMátyás, The King in DisguiseIstván Széchenyi, The Greatest of the MagyarsAlbert Apponyi, The Architect of TrianonMihály Károlyi, The Red CountAnna Kéthly, A Friend of Social Justice, a Thorn in the Side of PoliticiansLászló Rajk, The Man who was Buried Three TimesVoicesMihály Vörösmarty, The Voice of Despair and HopeFranz Liszt, A Lover of Music and WomenTivadar Csontváry, The Painter of LonelinessMolnár Ferenc, The Bohemian Hungarian Who Conquered BroadwayRobert Capa, A Pacifist and Eye-witness to Five WarsIstván Örkény, Chronicler of AbsurdityZoltán Kodály, The Music Educator of a NationMyth-makersSisi, Queen of the HungariansTivadar Herzl, Architect of the Jewish NationBlaha Lujza, The Nation's NightingaleBéla Lugosi, The Resurrection of Count DraculaKarádi Katalin, Legendary Sex SymbolFerenc Puskás, Everybody's Little BrotherVagabondsMóric Benyovszky, The Hungarian Made King of MadagascarRózsa Sándor, The King of the BetyársÁgoston Haraszty, The Father of California WineIgnaz Trebitsch, The Talented Mr. TrebitschLászló Almássy, The Hungarian PatientUnbridled GeniusesArthur Koestler, A Man of CausesLászló Bíró, The Man Who Gave His Name to a PenAlbert Szent-györgyi, The Man Behind Vitamin CLeo Szilárd, Doctor A-bombPál Erdős, The Vagabond of Mathematics

This book offers a comprehensive thousand-year history of the land, people, society, culture and economy of Hungary, from its nebulous origins in the Ural Mountains to the elections of 1988. It tells above all the thrilling story of a people which becamea great power in the region and

My story of survival from within the camp.Eddy de Wind, a Dutch doctor and psychiatrist, was shipped to Auschwitz with his wife Friedel, whom he had met and married at the Westerbork labour camp in the Netherlands. At Auschwitz, they made it through the brutal selection process and were put towork. Each day, each hour became a battle for survival. For Eddy, this meant negotiating with the volatile guards in the medical barracks. For Friedel, it meant avoiding the Nazis' barbaric medical experiments. As the end of the war approached and theRussian Army drew closer, the last Nazis fled, taking many prisoners with them, including Friedel. Eddy hid under a pile of old clothes and stayed behind. Finding a notebook and pencil, he began to write with furious energy about his experiences. LastStop Auschwitz is an extraordinary account of life as a prisoner, a near real-time record of the daily struggle to survive but also of the flickering moments of joy Eddy and Friedel found in each other. Documenting the best and the worst of humanity, itis a unique and timeless story that reminds us of what we as humans are capable of, but that there is hope, even in Hell.